US Housing Market Sees Worst Year for Sales Since 1995

The US housing market has just weathered its most sluggish year for existing home sales since 1995, with a total of 4.06 million homes sold. This stark reality isn't just a statistic; it reflects a complex interplay of high mortgage rates, soaring home prices, and a stubborn lack of inventory that’s left both buyers and sellers in a state of uncertainty and frustration. Believe me, as someone who's been keeping a close eye on the housing market for years, this slowdown feels significant, and it’s impacting a lot of people’s lives.

US Housing Market Sees Worst Year for Sales Since 1995

The Perfect Storm: Why Home Sales Plummeted

So, what exactly led to this dramatic drop in home sales? Well, it's not a single culprit, but rather a combination of factors that created a perfect storm. Let's break them down:

• Elevated Mortgage Rates: The most significant factor, without a doubt, has been the sharp rise in mortgage rates. We saw rates spend much of 2024 above 6.5%, which is a massive increase compared to the rock-bottom rates of just a couple of years ago. This surge dramatically increased the cost of borrowing, making homeownership far less attainable for many potential buyers. To put it simply, when borrowing money is this expensive, a lot of people just have to sit on the sidelines.
• High Home Prices: Even as sales slowed, home prices remained stubbornly high. The median home price reached a record $407,500 in 2024. This high-price environment was primarily driven by sales of higher-end properties pushing the overall median price up. The combination of high prices and high interest rates made monthly payments incredibly expensive for many would-be homebuyers.
• Low Inventory: This was another major problem. A lack of available homes for sale further constricted the market. This low inventory gave sellers the upper hand, allowing them to maintain high prices, while buyers had fewer options to choose from. It’s a vicious cycle where the lack of houses for sale keeps the price of the existing ones very high.

The Rate Rollercoaster: A Deep Dive into Mortgage Rates

The mortgage rate story is particularly interesting because it wasn't a steady climb, but a bit of a rollercoaster. We saw a slight dip to 6.08% in late September, after the Federal Reserve cut interest rates for the first time since 2020. It felt like a glimmer of hope for some. But that drop was short-lived. The rates quickly began to climb again, even surpassing the 7% mark recently, before slightly retreating to around 6.96%.

This volatility made it hard for buyers to plan and left many wondering if they should jump in or wait it out. And let’s be honest, these rates are not exactly low. Experts are suggesting that rates in the 6-7% range could be the “new normal.” I think we need to brace ourselves for this scenario and get used to it.

The Golden Handcuffs: The Low-Rate Lock-In Effect

Here's a twist that I think many people don't fully understand: It's not just that rates are high now, it's also that so many homeowners are locked into historically low rates from 2021 and 2022. Think about it. Why would you want to give up a 2-3% mortgage rate to move into a new home that would cost significantly more and have a 7% mortgage?

This “golden handcuffs” effect is what many potential sellers are facing. They're reluctant to give up those super low rates, even if they'd otherwise consider moving. This has contributed to the lack of inventory, as people are not selling their houses at the rates they would have normally. This reluctance to move is a very strong factor in the slowdown of the housing market that cannot be underestimated.

Is There Any Good News? Some Potential Bright Spots

Okay, so it's not all doom and gloom. There are some signs that the market might be shifting, albeit slowly:

• Increased December Sales: The number of existing home sales in December was actually 9.3% higher compared to the previous year. This is a good indicator that things are not all bad and there is some demand.
• Rising New Home Supply: Here is some more good news: The number of new housing units completed in 2024 reached an estimated 1.63 million, 12.4% above the 2023 numbers. New home sales now account for a larger share of the market, making about 30% of total sales. This is interesting because there is significantly more inventory of new homes than of existing ones.
• Momentum Building: The fact that sales are climbing year-over-year for three straight months indicates that there is some momentum building in the market. This signals that there is still demand for houses, which can potentially increase in the future.
• Job and Wage Growth: Job and wage gains, combined with the increased supply, is impacting the market positively. With more people having secure and better-paying jobs, the demand for houses has the possibility to increase.

A Balancing Act: The Challenges of Building New Homes

While the rise in new construction is encouraging, it's important to recognize the challenges builders face. They are navigating:

• High Borrowing Costs: Like prospective buyers, builders are also facing increased costs due to the high-interest rates on loans for development and construction projects.
• Tight Labor Market: Finding skilled workers has also become very difficult and expensive, with more demand for workers in the construction sector.
• Rising Material Costs: The prices for building materials have also been on the rise, squeezing the builder’s margins and forcing them to build at a higher price point.

These challenges make it difficult for builders to meet the high demand, especially for affordable housing, and they need innovative solutions such as using more townhomes, multifamily projects and “built-for-rent” models.

Here's A Quick Recap of Key Numbers

Metric	2024	Notes
Total Existing Home Sales	4.06 million	Lowest annual total since 1995
Median Home Price	$407,500	Record high
Average 30-Year Mortgage Rate	Above 6.5% most of the year	Peaked above 7%, then dropped below
New Housing Units Completed	1.63 million	12.4% increase over 2023
December Existing Home Sales Increase	9.3% year-over-year	A sign of market recovery and momentum building

My Personal Thoughts on the Market

As someone who follows the housing market closely, I believe that we are in a period of adjustment. We are moving away from the low-interest-rate era that made housing so accessible for a while. The current market demands patience and a realistic understanding of the landscape, but there are definitely some opportunities.

I think it is essential for both buyers and sellers to:

• Do their Homework: Understanding the market dynamics, interest rate trends, and the inventory situation will be extremely important.
• Be Prepared to Negotiate: While prices are still high, there are still some chances for price negotiations, and it's not a totally one sided market.
• Take the Long View: Buying a home should be considered a long-term investment and not a quick way to make money. So, if you are planning to move, it will be very important to have a long-term perspective.

I honestly believe the housing market will eventually stabilize. However, it's unlikely we’ll see a return to the rock-bottom interest rates of the past few years anytime soon. The key to success, whether you're a buyer or a seller, will be to stay informed, flexible, and realistic.

What’s Next for the US Housing Market?

The US housing market, after a very slow 2024, may slowly start to recover over time. The pace of recovery will mostly depend on factors such as the change in mortgage rates, the growth in new housing supply, and the overall economic conditions in the US. It is important to keep an eye on these indicators to understand where the market is headed and take informed decisions.